must modal verb drawing conclusions exercises

But Eric couldn’t have reached the cookies on the top shelf he must have asked his older brother to get them.Ĭan’t have is also possible, but it is much less common than couldn’t have.

Martha couldn’t have takenyour notebook she wasn’t even in class yesterday.

When we are certain that something was IMPOSSIBLE When we draw the conclusion that something did NOT happen

There was one banana left, but now it’s gone.

She must have spent a lot of time in the sun lately. When we draw the conclusion that something DID happen When we consider some present evidence and draw a reasonably certain conclusion about what happened in the past, we use must have and couldn’t have plus the past participle of the verb. For each one, fill in the blank with must (if you think it is true) or can’t (if you think it’s not possible). You’ll see five pictures accompanied by sentences. (we are very certain he is NOT a policeman)Ĭarla works every day from 9 AM to 5 PM.

(we are very certain, because of his uniform and what he is doing) Due to a snow storm the pilot has to land in Vancouver.For example, if you see this guy, you can say:.Use the substitute form have to when there is an external obligation e.g.

Use the modal must in written orders or instructions. Use the modal must when the obligation comes from the speaker. It is not always correct to substitute have to for must in the Simple Present. This form cannot be put before another verb. The form need is not used as a modal, this is a main verb. The modal must is not used in the will-future. The modal must is not used in the Simple Past. Negations with need not, needn't, don't need, don't have to ModalĢ.6. Negations with must not, mustn't ModalĢ.5. have to in the Simple Present PronounsĢ.3. Sentences and questions with have to 2.1. The form have to has the same form regardless the subject. The modal must can be used in the Simple Present only, so use the substitute have to with other tenses. This form is not the same regardless the subject. If you want to use it with other tenses, you need the form have to. You can use must only with Simple Present. (The negation of must means not allowed to.) is unnecessary, use need not, not must not. The modals must, must not and need not have the same form regardless the subject. The use of must, must not (mustn't) and need not (needn't)

Must modal verb drawing conclusions exercises